Where do I start? Ecuador, as that's where we presently located.  Why Ecuador? Because it has some of the most diverse ecology on the planet, as well as some of the most fascinating indigenous Peoples. However, before we begin our journey, we will need some form of transportation, since it is our goal to drive all of South America.

Buying a car in Ecuador 
     With your paperwork in order, acquiring a vehicle in Ecuador is extremely easy if you have permanent residency, a work visa or diplomatic status. In addition, the prices of the new, as well as used cars, are relatively cheap compared to other Latin American countries and the world. If you do not meet the above requirements, however, you will have to rent a vehicle. The present governments do not allow for the importation of vehicles into South America if you are not a resident.
     Buying a new car assures that it will be in excellent condition and that it will last and be easy to sell. On the other hand, it is a car that is at high risk for theft, therefore it is important to invest in car alarms, insurance, a club and a tracking system such as 'Hunter.' You will find that air conditioning is expensive to install and is a drain on the vehicles fuel economy.  The average price of regular gas per gallon is $1.48 USD. The temperatures in most of Ecuador are mild enough that you won't need the added expense.  You should take into account that the new cars depreciate in value at about $500 - $1000 per year.
    Lisa and I chose a Chevrolet Vitara (Suzuki Sidekick) that is assembled in Ecuador.  Although the Vitara is smaller than other 4x4's it is extremely reliable and the most popular selling car in Ecuador.  The smaller size is an advantage considering the narrowness of the roads both in and outside the cities. Initial cost: $13,000 USD.  The decision to buy a 4x4 was easy.  Most of the roads in Latin and South America are in terrible condition or, in some cases, nonexistent.  For example, the Pan-American Highway between Ambato and Cuenca, Ecuador is nothing more than a wide dirt road, with occasion paving, and potholes large enough to swallow a VW Beetle.  The stock Vitara 4x4 can handle almost any road condition that you will find in South America.
     In addition to the basics listed above, we added 30" MT tires, an 8,000 lb winch, fog lights, had the vehicle lifted another 3" and added a rooftop luggage rack and a locking rooftop storage unit for camping gear. Extra expenses: $2,000 USD.  These are usually considered nonessential add-ons in most of North America and Europe, but in Central and South America they are essential if you plan on doing any sort of extensive travel.  Lisa and I knew we would be in South America for at least a year.

     Ecuador is a country with clear, universal standards in regards to transportation laws, but it lacks enforcement. With this knowledge, you should be constantly alert, and watch out for drivers that are discourteous, passive aggressive or inexperienced that are driving on the streets and can cause an accident at any moment.  Many Ecuadorian drivers, including commercial drivers, do not have licenses or insurance.  Drive defensively and calmly. We suggest you be careful of:  Bus drivers, truck drivers and taxi drivers.  They are usually disrespectful to other drivers and will change lanes or cut in front of you without prior notice.  It is possible to purchase and drive a car without a license or any prior driving experience!

1.   Pedestrians:  Unfortunately, Ecuador does not have strict rules for pedestrians as yet, and there are no sanctions for inappropriate actions such as stepping into oncoming traffic, or weaving in and out of moving vehicles. They cross in the middle of the street, don't respect traffic signals, do not use cross walks and pedestrian bridges and these are only some of the things that can cause a serious accident.  If you hit a pedestrian in Ecuador you will be arrested and placed in jail.  Remember, the driver is always at fault. Always look both ways and behind you for possible unaware pedestrians.

2.   There are no specifically designated bicycle lanes, but they are a very common mode of transportation.  Be aware of them, the lack of a motor can make them invisible sometimes. Remember that although they do not obey traffic regulations, they are at a disadvantage and it is your responsibility to protect them.

3.   Be careful with the light changes at stoplights! Many imprudent drivers sometimes accelerate when the light turns yellow instead of braking. Drivers will also block intersections rather than wait for the next light change.  Many drivers accelerate before the light turns green causing numerous accidents. You should always wait until the light has completely turned green before proceeding.  Ignore the impatient drivers behind you that are leaning on their horns.

4.   Avoid driving at night in all Central and South American countries because it can be extremely hazardous. Many assaults and accidents occur during these hours when drunk drivers and thieves are numerous. In the early morning hours be extra careful at stoplights for people hanging around the intersections in groups.  Keep your windows rolled up.  In addition, many times vehicles will drive without lights and will park in the traffic lanes without lights or markers.  Even most native drivers will avoid driving at night.

5.   Try not to drive during peak times, 8:00 - 9:30 / 12:00-13:00/17:00-19:00 from Monday to Friday. Traffic is very congested and if there is a bad driver around you will find them out and about during these hours.  If you do have an accident, you will find that most of the people involved, including the drivers of the vehicles, will flee the accident scene rather than pay the bribes involved and the penalties.  You might want to consider this alternative yourself should the unfortunate incidence arise.

6.   If you are driving on the highway, always be aware of people, animals and cattle that may be crossing the road.  Even though the average highway speed is only about 60 kilometers per hour (40mph), the average road will take your undivided attention to avoid an accident.  Many times the indigenous peoples will tie their large animals to the side of the road.